English Explorers Search for a Northwest Passage
Locked out of the routes Spain and Portugal already controlled, England looks for a way to Asia through the Arctic instead
Quick facts
- First English attempt
- Martin Frobisher, 1576
- Later explorer
- John Davis, 1587
- Passage actually found
- 1906, by Roald Amundsen
- Motive
- Bypass Spanish and Portuguese-controlled southern routes
What happened
With Spain and Portugal controlling the southern sea routes to Asia, English merchants and navigators looked for a passage through or around North America's north coast instead. Martin Frobisher was the first Englishman to search for a Northwest Passage, setting out in 1576; five of his men were captured during the voyage and never seen again. John Davis charted the strait between Baffin Island and Greenland that bears his name in 1587, continuing the search. None of these expeditions found a workable passage; that would not happen until Roald Amundsen's expedition succeeded in 1906.
Why it matters
The search for a Northwest Passage pulled England into direct exploration of North America's Arctic coastline decades before England attempted serious colonization further south, and it reflected how thoroughly the Treaty of Tordesillas and Iberian naval power had closed off the routes Spain and Portugal already used.
How we know
The Royal Museums Greenwich's account of the search for the Northwest Passage names Frobisher's 1576 voyage and the loss of five crewmen as the opening English attempt, part of a search that continued for centuries after.
Sources
- Royal Museums Greenwich. Search for the Northwest Passage · Reputable sourcermg.co.uk · The domain "rmg.co.uk" is on our Reputable source registry. · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
- EBSCO Research Starters. Martin Frobisher's Voyages · General sourceebsco.com · Cited as a "reference" source (no stronger domain match). · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
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