The Victoria Completes the First Circumnavigation
Eighteen survivors out of the roughly 270 who set out finish a voyage around the entire planet
Quick facts
- Ship
- Victoria
- Commander after Magellan
- Juan Sebastian Elcano
- Arrival
- 6 September 1522, Sanlucar de Barrameda, Spain
- Survivors
- 18 of about 270 who departed
What happened
After Magellan's death, the ship Victoria, now commanded by Juan Sebastian Elcano, continued west from the Spice Islands. The Trinidad needed extensive repairs and could not continue, so the Victoria alone carried on, crossing the Indian Ocean starting 21 December 1521 and rounding the Cape of Good Hope before reaching Spain. On 6 September 1522, the Victoria arrived at Sanlucar de Barrameda on the Spanish coast with only 18 men left of the roughly 270 who had set out three years earlier.
Why it matters
The Victoria's return proved for the first time, by direct experience rather than calculation, that the earth could be circled by sea and that all its oceans connect. The cost, more than 90 percent of the crew dead from combat, disease, and starvation, showed just how punishing the voyage had been even as it succeeded.
How we know
The Mariners' Museum's Ages of Exploration entry on Magellan traces the Victoria's route under Elcano after Magellan's death, including the Indian Ocean crossing date and the arrival at Sanlucar de Barrameda with 18 survivors.
Sources
- The Mariners' Museum, Ages of Exploration. Ferdinand Magellan · Reputable sourceexploration.marinersmuseum.org · The domain "exploration.marinersmuseum.org" is on our Reputable source registry. · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
- EBSCO Research Starters. Juan Sebastian de Elcano · General sourceebsco.com · Cited as a "reference" source (no stronger domain match). · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
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