Willem Janszoon's Duyfken makes the first recorded European landing, 1606
A brief, violent Dutch encounter with the Wik people at Cape Keerweer
Quick facts
- Ship
- Duyfken (Dutch East India Company)
- Captain
- Willem Janszoon
- Location
- Cape Keerweer, western Cape York Peninsula
- Outcome
- violent clash with the Wik people; no trade established
What happened
Sailing the small Dutch ship Duyfken from Bantam in Java, captain Willem Janszoon and a crew of twenty made landfall on the western shore of Cape York Peninsula in March 1606, becoming the first Europeans on record to meet Australia's First Nations people. Janszoon charted roughly two hundred miles of coastline before conflict broke out with the Wik people at Cape Keerweer; several of his men were killed in the clash. Finding no trade prospects and having lost men in the fighting, Janszoon turned back north, and Dutch sailors avoided Wik country for many years afterward.
Why it matters
The voyage predates James Cook's charting of the east coast by 164 years and shows the first European contact with Aboriginal Australia was violent from its opening encounter, a pattern that would recur through the colonial period. The Duyfken's own chart of the coast, drawn by its crew, was strikingly accurate for its time even though the Dutch judged the country worthless for trade and abandoned further interest.
How we know
The voyage is documented through Dutch East India Company records and the surviving Duyfken charts; in 2000 a replica of the Duyfken visited the Wik people at Cape York as an act of reconciliation between the two communities' descendants.
Sources
- Australian National Maritime Museum. 1606: Contact at Cape Keerweer Education Resource · Reputable sourcesea.museum · The domain "sea.museum" is on our Reputable source registry. · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
- State Library of Queensland. Queensland Places - Cape York and the Voyage of the Duyfken · Reputable sourceslq.qld.gov.au · The domain "slq.qld.gov.au" is on our Reputable source registry. · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
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