Wi-Fi reaches consumers with 802.11b
An 11-megabit wireless standard and Apple's AirPort convince ordinary buyers to cut the cable
Quick facts
- Original standard
- IEEE 802.11 (1997), up to 2 Mbit/s
- Consumer breakthrough standard
- IEEE 802.11b (1999), up to 11 Mbit/s
- First mass-market product
- Apple AirPort base station and iBook, 1999
- Frequency band
- 2.4 GHz (unlicensed)
What happened
The IEEE ratified the original 802.11 wireless networking standard in 1997, transmitting at up to 2 megabits per second over unlicensed 2.4 GHz radio spectrum, too slow for most practical use. In 1999, the IEEE ratified 802.11b, raising the top speed to 11 megabits per second, still on the 2.4 GHz band, fast enough to be genuinely useful for general computing. Apple's commercial breakthrough that same year, its AirPort wireless base station bundled with the iBook laptop, was the first mass-marketed consumer product built around the new standard.
Why it matters
802.11b's jump to 11 Mbps, more than five times the original standard's speed, is what turned wireless networking from a niche technology into something worth putting in an ordinary consumer laptop, and it was the platform that carried the word 'Wi-Fi' into everyday language.
How we know
The IEEE Standards Association's own account of Wi-Fi's evolution documents the 1997 and 1999 standards, their data rates, and Apple's AirPort launch as the technology's first major consumer product.
Sources
- IEEE Standards Association. The Evolution of Wi-Fi Technology and Standards · Primary source (author-declared)standards.ieee.org · Cited as a "primary" source (no stronger domain match). · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
- Engineering and Technology History Wiki (IEEE). Wireless LAN 802.11 Wi-Fi · Reputable sourceethw.org · The domain "ethw.org" is on our Reputable source registry. · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
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