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4 September 476Reputable source · 2 sourcesWell documented

Odoacer deposes Romulus Augustulus, the last Western Roman emperor

A Germanic general ends a line of emperors that had run since Augustus

On the timeline · around 4 September 476 · The Post-Roman KingdomsThe Post-Roman KingdomsOdoacer deposes Romulus Augustulus, the last Western Roman emperor500 CE525 CE550 CE575 CE600 CE625 CE650 CE675 CE700 CE

Quick facts

Location
Ravenna, Italy
Emperor deposed
Romulus Augustulus, age 14
Deposed by
Odoacer, Herulian general
Successor state
Kingdom of Italy under Odoacer

What happened

Romulus Augustulus became Western Roman emperor at 14 after his father Orestes, the army's master of soldiers, drove out the previous emperor Julius Nepos in 475. Orestes had promised his mostly Germanic troops land in Italy and reneged, so they rallied behind the Herulian officer Odoacer, who executed Orestes on 28 August 476 and deposed Romulus a week later on 4 September. Odoacer spared the boy because of his age, gave him a pension, and sent him to live with relatives in Campania. The Roman Senate then sent the imperial insignia to Constantinople, telling Emperor Zeno that one emperor was enough and asking him to recognize Odoacer as ruler of Italy in his name.

Why it matters

No new Western emperor was ever crowned after Romulus, so this deposition became the conventional marker for the end of the Western Roman Empire, even though Roman law, the Senate, and Roman administrators kept functioning under Odoacer. Italy now had a Germanic king ruling in an emperor's name rather than an emperor at all, a template other post-Roman kingdoms would follow.

How we know

The event is recorded by multiple near-contemporary chroniclers, including the Anonymus Valesianus and the historian Jordanes, whose accounts agree on the sequence of Orestes's death and Romulus's deposition.

Sources

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