Thomas More Is Executed for Refusing the Oath
Henry's own former chancellor will not swear away papal authority
Quick facts
- Former role
- Lord Chancellor of England, 1529 to 1532
- Charge
- Treason, for denying royal supremacy
- Execution
- Tower Hill, 6 July 1535
What happened
Thomas More, who had served Henry VIII as Lord Chancellor from 1529 to 1532, refused in April 1534 to swear the Oath of Succession because its preamble renounced papal authority and affirmed the king's royal supremacy over the Church. Imprisoned in the Tower of London, More was interrogated repeatedly but remained silent on the substance of his objection, hoping his silence could not legally be construed as treason. He was tried anyway, convicted largely on the testimony of Richard Rich, who claimed More had denied the king's supremacy in a private conversation. Sentenced to be hanged, drawn, and quartered, More had the sentence commuted by Henry to beheading, carried out at Tower Hill on 6 July 1535.
Why it matters
More's execution demonstrated that the Act of Supremacy was not a symbolic formality; the Crown was willing to kill even a former chief minister and internationally respected humanist scholar to enforce it. His death became one of the most visible instances of the English Reformation's cost among Catholics who refused to comply, and the Catholic Church later canonized him as a martyr.
How we know
Trial records, More's own letters from the Tower, and contemporary accounts of his execution survive; the World History Encyclopedia's timeline entry documents the sequence from the Oath of Succession to his execution at Tower Hill.
Sources
- World History Encyclopedia. Timeline: Sir Thomas More · Reputable sourceworldhistory.org · The domain "worldhistory.org" is on our Reputable source registry. · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
- World History Encyclopedia. Timeline: Sir Thomas More · Reputable sourceworldhistory.org · The domain "worldhistory.org" is on our Reputable source registry. · Link is live and its text matches the event's key terms (Jul 2026)
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